Leukemia, e hlahang ho nkeloa sebaka ke lisele tse tloaelehileng tsa mali le li-precursor tse sa hlakang, li bitsoa leeme le lengata la myeloblastic leukemia. Le hoja lefu lena le sa tloaeleha, lefu lena le tsoela pele ka potlako 'me le thata ho le phekola. Kotsi ea ho tsoa kotsi e eketseha ka lilemo.
Lefuemia e matla ea myeloblastic - sesosa
Hlalosa hantle lintlha tse tlatsetsang ho fetoloang ha lisele tsa masapo, ka nako eo ho neng ho ke ke ha khoneha. Lisosa tse ka hlahang tsa tlōlo ena li kenyelletsa:
- tšilafalo ea tikoloho;
- ho khantša mahlaseli le mahlaseli;
- ho hlahisa lik'hemik'hale tse kang benzene le formalin;
- liphatsa tsa botsofali tsa mafu (Down's disease, Wesler-Fanconi anemia, Bloom's syndrome);
- e leng nako e telele e feteletseng ea meriana ea cytotoxic.
Tlhahlobo ea lefu la lekoemia le matla
Ho ea ka tsamaiso ea bongaka e amoheloang ka kakaretso, lefu lena le nahanang le arotsoe ka lihlopha tse latelang:
- M0 - e fokolisitsoe ka tsela e fokolang e seng ea lymphoblastic leukemia;
- lefu la lebelemia la myeloblastic M1 ntle le matšoao a ho tsitsisa;
- lefu la myeloblastic le nang le lefu la mmele le nang le matšoao a tšoaetsoang;
- promyelocytic leukemia ea M3;
- lefu la myeloblastic kapa myelomonocytic leukemia ea M4;
- meselomonocytic leukemia le motsoako oa bone marrow eosonophilia M4 (eo);
- lefu le monoblast la leukemia le M5a;
- lefu le monocytic leukemia la M5b;
- erythrocyte e nang le kankere ea mali e kotsi M6a;
- kankere e hloekileng e nang le kankere ea mali e bitsoang M6b;
- 'mele o moholo oa kankere oa mali oa meriana oa mali oa M7;
- e matla haholo ea lefu la kankere ea mali ea M8.
Lefuemia e matla haholo - matšoao
Qalong ea ho fetoha ha sele, lefu lena ha le iponahatse. Ka mor'a ho bokella ka mokhoa o feteletseng methapong ea masapo, mefuta e sa tšoaneng ea li-clone tsa leukocyte e nkoa ke mali maling 'ohle' me e lula ka har'a spleen, lymph node, sebete le litho tse ling.
Karolo ea pele ea lefu lena e khetholloa ke matšoao a joalo:
- ho fokotseha mesebetsing e sireletsang ea ho itšireletsa mafung, ka lebaka la hore mokuli o tloaetse ho tšoaetsoa hangata;
- bofokoli;
- keketseho e nyenyane mocheso oa 'mele.
E le ho tlosoa ha lisele tse phetseng hantle tsa litho tsa ka hare le lera la mokokotlo le li-clones tse fetoletsoeng ke phetoho, litšoao tse latelang li tsejoa:
- ho tšoaroa ke meningitis ;
- pneumonia;
- ho tsoa ha mali le masapo;
- mathata a maholo a mafu a tšoaetsanoang.
Karolong ea bobeli, ha motho a sa fumane tlhokomelo e lekaneng ea bongaka, hangata o shoa ka lebaka la ho bolaoa ha mali.
Ka makhetlo a mangata, mehato e ka holimo ea nts'etsopele ea kankere e fapane, ka hona, ho tseba hore ho na le lefu la kankere ea myeloblastic e matla haholo ho ka ba le tšusumetso e ntle le phekolo e nakong. Pathogenis e matla ea lefu lena e etsa hore ho khonehe ho e khetholla ka mekhahlelo ea pele ho tsoa litekong tsa lipatlisiso tsa mali le mohopolo oa likarolo tsa eona.
Phekolo ea lefu la lekoemia le matla
Joaloka mefuta e meng ea kankere, kankere ea mali e hloka chemotherapy e nang le mekhahlelo e 'meli e meholo:
- ho felisoa ha lisele tse 'nileng tsa fetoha phetoho ea lefutso;
- fokotseha ka palo ea clones likarolong tsa 'mele.
Kalafo e khannoa ke lithuto tse 'maloa tse nang le khefu e khutšoanyane le ho amohela meriana ka nako e le' ngoe e fokotsang ho ruruha. Ho phaella moo, tlhahiso e khothalletsoang ea livithamine, li-immunomodulator. E mpe
E 'ngoe ea litsela tse atlehang haholo tsa ho phekola kankere ea mofuta ona ke mali a transplantation ea bone. Mokhoa ona o kenyeletsa phetoho e feletseng ea lisele tse sa sebetsaneng le tse phelang hantle. Mokhoa oa bongaka o bontša hore ba fetang halofo ea bakuli tabeng ena ba phekoloa ka ho feletseng.