Ho kula ha boroko, kapa li-trypanosomiasis tsa Afrika, ke lefu la likokoana-hloko tsa batho le liphoofolo tse tloaelehileng Afrika. Selemo se seng le se seng bothata bona bo fumanoa bonyane batho ba likete tse 25.
Libaka, liforomo le mahlaseli a kotsi a boroko ba batho
Ho kula ho tloaelehile linaheng tsa k'honthinente ea Afrika, e ka boroa ho Sahara. Libakeng tsena ho na le lintsintsi tse anyang mali tsa tsetse, tse jereng lefu lena. Ho na le mefuta e 'meli ea likokoana-hloko tsa lefu lena tse amang batho. Tsena ke likokoana-hloko tse sa tšoaneng tsa mefuta ea Trypanosomes:
- Trupanosoma gambiense ke moemeli oa causative oa mofuta oa Gambian (Afrika Bophirimela) oa lefu lena, le tloaelehileng Bophirimela le Afrika Bohareng haufi le 'mele ea metsi;
- Trypanosoma rhodesiense - li-causative mahlahana a mofuta oa Rhodesia (East Africa) oa lefu lena, le tloaelehileng Afrika Bochabela, li-savanna.
Likokoana-hloko tse peli li fetisoa ka ho longoa ha lintsintsi tse nang le tšoaetso. Ba hlasela motho motšehare, athe ha ho liaparo tse sireletsang likokoanyana tsena.
Nakong ea ho longoa, li-trypanosomes tse nang le lintsintsi li kena ka mali a motho. Ho atisa ka potlako, li fetisoa ho pholletsa le 'mele. Ntho e ikhethang ea likokoana-hloko tsena ke hore moloko o mong le o mong oa bona o hlahisa protheine e khethehileng, e fapaneng le e fetileng. Tabeng ena, 'mele oa motho ha o na nako ea ho hlaolela li-antibodies tse sireletsang khahlanong le tsona.
Matšoao a ho robala ho kula
Lipontšo tsa mefuta e 'meli ea lefu lena li tšoana, empa mekhoa e mengata ea Afrika Boroa e boima le ho feta ha ho se na phekolo eo e ka qetellang ka liphello tse bohloko ka nako e khutšoanyane. Foromo ea Afrika Boroa e khetholloa ke ho hatela pele butle 'me e ka qeta lilemo tse ngata ntle le phekolo.
Ho na le mekhahlelo e 'meli ea boloetse bo robalang, bo nang le mehlala e itseng:
1. Mohato oa pele, ha li-trypanosomes li ntse li le maling (libeke tse 1 ho isa ho tse 3 ka mor'a tšoaetso):
- ponahalo ea setša sa ho longoa ha sefuba se bohloko (e le molao, ho baahi bao e seng matsoalloa);
- feberu;
- ho fufuleloa ho eketsehileng;
- ho thothomela ha mesifa;
- hlooho;
- bohloko bo kopantsoeng;
- ho hlohlona;
- ho hlobaela .
1. Mohato oa bobeli, ha li-trypanosomes li kena tsamaisong ea methapo ea mantlha (kamora libeke kapa likhoeli tse 'maloa):
- hlooho e bohloko;
- feberu;
- ho se tsotelle;
- bofokoli bo boholo;
- ho otsela ho tsitsitseng;
- mathata a likoloi;
- ho tepella ;
- ho hlahisa maikutlo.
Kalafo ea ho robala ho kula
Pele ho qaptjoa lithethefatsi bakeng sa ho kula, lefu lena lena le ile la lebisa liphellong tse bolaeang. Ho fihlela joale, menyetla ea phekolo e molemo ho feta moo pele lefu lena le fumanoa. Phekolo e thehiloe ka sebōpeho sa lefu lena, boima ba leqeba, ho hanyetsa pathogen ho lithethefatsi, lilemo le boemo bo tloaelehileng ba mokuli. Bakeng sa phekolo ea mafu a robetseng, hona joale ho na le lithethefatsi tse 'nè tse kholo:
- Pentamidine e sebelisetsoa ho tšoara mofuta oa Gambian oa trypanosomiasis ea Afrika karolong ea pele.
- Suramin - e sebelisetsoa ho tšoara mofuta oa Rhodesia oa ho robala maloetse karolong ea pele.
- Melarsoprol - e sebelisoang ka bobeli mefuteng ea mafu a boemong ba bobeli.
- Eflornitin - e sebelisitsoe ka mokhoa oa Gambian oa boloetse bo robalang boemong ba bobeli.
Lithethefatsi tsena li na le chefo e ngata, kahoo li baka litla-morao tse tebileng le mathata. Mabapi le taba ena, phekolo ea mafu a robetseng e lokela ho etsoa feela ke litsebi tse tšoanelehang litsing tsa bophelo bo botle.
Mehato ea ho thibela ho robala:
- Ho hana ho etela libaka tseo ho nang le kotsi e kholo ea ho loma ka lintsintsi tsa tsetse.
- Tšebeliso ea lithibelo tse sireletsang.
- Injection ea entamuscular ea pentamidine likhoeli tse ling le tse ling tse tšeletseng.