Hangata ha re nahane ka se etsahalang karolong e 'ngoe ea' mele. Hantle-ntle - re tlohela thuto ea metabolism ho baprofesa le baprofesa ba tloaelehileng. Empa haeba litekanyo tsa sekala li qala ho theoha ka bolotsana, ke nako ea ho lekanya hore na chelete eo e jeoa le ho hlahloba eng e bakang khathatso ea ts'oaetso?
Human metabolism
Mokhoa oa metabolism (metabolism) o arotsoe ka mekhahlelo e 'meli:
- catabolism - ho arohana ha lintho tse rarahaneng tse entsoeng ka lijo, ho hlahisa lik'hemik'hale tse bonolo, tse tsamaeang le ho lokolloa ha matla;
- anabolism - the synthesis of lipids, liprotheine, nucleic acid, tse tsamaeang le ho kenngoa ha matla.
Tšenyo ea metabolism e baka maloetse a tebileng. Ka mohlala, ka metabolism e sa lokelang, lefu la tsoekere le hlaha, 'me ho tlōla ha metabolism ea mafura ho lebisa boteng.
Lisosa tsa mathata a ts'oaetso
Ho tloaelehile ho arola lisosa tse bakang bothata ba ts'ebeliso ea metsoako e fumanoang le ho ba lefa.
Ho fumanoa ke lefu la ts'ebeliso ea metsoako le amana le:
- mafu a likhetho tsa tsamaiso ea endocrine;
- liphetoho ka semelo sa hormonal;
- khaello ea phepo e nepahetseng;
- mekhoa e mebe;
- khatello ea maikutlo;
- tšoaetso ea tlhaho ea 'mele.
Hangata metabolism e senyeha ka mor'a lefu la tšoaetso ea kokoana-hloko, 'me ka mor'a hore e be sebakeng se sa rateheng. Tšusumetso e tebileng ho mekhoa ea metsoako e bakela lijo tse matla, tse tšehetsoang ke basali.
Lintho tse boletsoeng ka holimo li atisa ho ama batho ba baholo. Mathata a ts'ebeliso ea metsoako ho bana maemong a mangata a amahanngoa le maloetse a futsanehileng, ao har'a ona:
- phenylketonuria;
- galactosemia;
- cystic fibrosis;
- glycogenoses;
- collagenopathy;
- fructoemia, joalo-joalo.
Matšoao a mathata a ts'oaetso
Hangata ho fumanoe mathata a ts'ebeliso ea metsoako ho basali ba baholo le banna ba tsamaeang le:
- ho eketsa (ho fokotsa hangata) ho boima ba 'mele;
- phefumoloho e khutšoanyane;
- mokhathala o feletseng;
- lipekere tse phatsimang le moriri;
- ho phatloha ha letlalo;
- ho tlōla tekanyo ea lijo (ho patoa, letšollo);
- edema;
- ho hlobaela;
- hlooho.
Matšoao a mathata a ts'oaetso ho bana ka lebaka la maloetse a futsanehileng a bonahala libekekeng tsa pele tsa bophelo, empa hangata a boleloa ka phoso ka liphello tsa intrauterine hypoxia, khathatso ea tsoalo, joalo-joalo.
Hoa hlokahala ho bontša ngoana ho ngaka, haeba e hlokomeloa:
- letšoao la tsoelo-pele le tsejoang;
- ho fokotseha ka linako tse ling;
- ho fetola sebopeho sa moriri, lipekere, letlalo;
- ho se sebetse hantle;
- boloetse bo tšoanang le ba bara le barali babo rōna ba mali.
Kalafo ea mathata a metsolic
Matšoao a mararo a amanang le mekhoa ea ts'ebetsong e hloka hore kamehla a hlahlojoe ke ngaka. Ho fumanoe mathata a ts'oaetso, ka molao, litsebi li khothaletsa ho phekola 'mele khahlanong le slags le ho ja lijo tse khethehileng. Hape hoa hlokahala hore u se ke ua qoba lintho tsohle tse kotsi - ho tlohela joala le lisakerete, ho falla ho feta, ho qoba maemo a sithabetsang.
Ntlha ea bohlokoa ea ho phekola mathata a ts'oaetso ke bothata bo botle ba ho robala hantle.
Metabolism ho bo-'mè
Mabapi le mekhoa e sa tloaelehang ea mokokotlo oa hormone, ho na le bothata ba ts'ebeliso ea metsoako ka mor'a ho beleha, e tsamaeang le boima ba 'mele (hangata tahlehelo). Ho phaella moo, setopo sa mosali ea nang le moimana le ea fanang ka bomalimabe se sebetsa pusong ea ho bokella limatlafatsi, kahoo liphetoho ho setšoantšo ke tsa tlhaho. Lijo tsa setso bakeng sa mathata a ts'oaetso ea bo-'mè ba tlhokomelo ha lia lokela, kaha sena se ka lematsa ngoana. Ho potlakisa ts'ebetso ea ts'ebetso ea metsoako ho thusa ho ja lijo "hanyenyane", ho ekelitsoe lijong tsa lijo (kamora ho khaotsa ho anyesa), lihoete. Ho kgothaletswa hore o tsamaee ho feta, ho haha mesifa ea mesifa, phomola ka ho feletseng bosiu, u se ke ua khathatseha.