Mokhoa oa ho felisoa ha mokhoa oa ho ba le mosali ho ka nka lilemo tse 'maloa. Matšoao a pele a ts'ebetso ena a ka hlokomeloa nako e telele pele ho fela ha khoeli. Botlalo ba matšoao le lipontšo tsa ts'ebetso ena e ne e bitsoa symptmacteric syndrome.
Matšoao a mokokotlo - ke eng?
Matšoao a mokokotlo - motsoako oa matšoao, matšoao le lipontšo, tse bontšang ho felisoa butle-butle ha tsamaiso ea ho ikatisa. Matšoao a matšoao a lefu lena a hlaha nakong ea pele ho 'mele' me maemong a mang a tsoelapele ho basali ba ka morao-rao . Nako ea lefu lena e na le nako e telele - e ka qeta likhoeli tse 'maloa ho ea ho tse 5 (basali ba 30%).
Karolong ea halofo ea bakuli, matšoao a ho khaotsa ho ikhula nako le nako a iponahatsa. Ha lefu la "climacteric" le ka basali, matšoao a iponahatsa lipapaling ka nako ea lilemo tse 5-10. Ho ea ka litlhaloso tsa bongaka le litletlebo tsa basali tse ipiletsang ho tsona, ponahatso ea lefu la climacteric le tsebahala nakong ea selemo pele ho nako ea ho khaotsa ho e-ba teng, joale matla a bona le khafetsa a fokotseha. Leha ho le joalo, ho nyamela ka ho feletseng ha ho hlahe.
Mokokotlo oa lik'hemik'hale - pathogenesis
E le hore u utloisise hore na bothata boo bo bontša joang, ke habohlokoa hore u ele hloko ntho e ka sehloohong e etsang hore u be le lefu lena. Lebaka la ho hlaha ha matšoao a bontšang hore ho qala ho ilela khoeli ke phetoho ea semelo sa hormonal. Basali, ho fokotseha ha tlhahlobo ea li-hormone tsa thobalano, li-estrogens. Lintho tsena ha li laole feela mosebetsi oa leihlo, empa hape li ama litho tse ling. Ho haella ha bona ho bontšoa mosebetsing oa tsamaiso ea pelo le methapo (litlōlo tse tsoang lithong tsena li ts'oaroe nakong ea nako ea ho ikhula khoeling).
Re lokela ho hlokomela hore liphetoho tsa mofuta ona li tšoana le basali bohle ba lilemo tse holileng. Leha ho le joalo, nako ea ponahalo ea bona, tekanyo ea polelo e ka fapana. Maemong a mang, lefu la pathological climacteric syndrome le ka bonoa, ha matšoao a le teng hoo a fetolang ka ho feletseng mokhoa oa bophelo. Tlhekefetso ea ho fokotseha ha tlhaho ea mokhoa oa ho ba le bana, ho latela litsebi tsa basali, ho ka tlatsetsa ho lintlha tse latelang:
- ho ikoetlisa kamehla, maemo a thata a ho sebetsa;
- maemo a sithabetsang, mathata a endocrine le mekhatlo ea methapo e matla;
- mathata ho puerperium le nakong ea bokhachane;
- ho ruruha ha litho tsa litho tsa pelvic;
- ho feta boima ba 'mele.
Tšoaetso ea menopausal e bonahala joang ho basali?
Matšoao a pele a lefu la climacteric e hlaha kapele ka mor'a ho khaotsa ho ea khoeling kapa nakong ea selemo ka ho ipolaea. Hangata lingaka li rarolla tsela ea wavy, ha matšoao a maholo, a nyamela ka nakoana, e hlaha hape. Letšoao le leng la boemo ba climacteric syndrome ke lefu la neuropsychic le khetholloang ke tsamaiso ea methapo ea methapo. Har'a liketsahalo tse ling tse ka khonehang, lingaka li bitsa:
- phapanyetsano-endocrine;
- mathata a ho ba le tšoaetso.
Ponahalo ea kelello ea lefu la climacteric syndrome
Sehlopha sena sa matšoao hangata se bitsoa pontšo ea ho ilela khoeli ho bakoang ke boloetse ba tsamaiso ea methapo ea mantlha. Matšoao a pele a basali ba mofuta ona a qala ho hlokomela pele ho felisoa ha nako ea ho ea khoeling. Matšoao a li-hormone a maling a fokotseha, 'me sena se lebisa mokhoeng oa khafetsa oa maikutlo, tsoelo-pele ea boroko. Lipontšo tsa kelello-neurotic tsa climacteric syndrome li kenyelletsa:
- ho otsela;
- bothata ba ho hopola;
- ho halefa;
- ho siama;
- ho se hlokomele;
- ponahalo ea boikutlo ba tšabo;
- ho tšoenyeha;
- mokhathala o eketsehileng;
- ho fokotsa takatso ea thobalano.
Matšoao a bohloeki ba lefu la climacteric
Lipontšo tsa limela tsa bothata ba malapa li bakoa ke ho tsieleha ha pelo ea methapo ea pelo. Liphetoho khafetsa khatellong ea mali, mosebetsi o eketsehileng oa litšoelesa tsa mofufutso, ho tlōla ha pelo ho etsa hore ponahalo ea matšoao a bona a hlahe. Tsena ke:
- ho hotetsa ho chesang - mocheso oa tšohanyetso, o tsamaeang le ho khabisa letlalo la sefahleho;
- maqeba;
- tachycardia ;
- ho fufuleloa;
- botsoa;
- boikutlo ba ho hlola liatla matsohong;
- hlooho;
- phetoho ka tšohanyetso khatello ea mali.
Matšoao a mokokotlo - ho tiea
Ha e le hantle, lingaka li sebelisa mofuta o itseng. Mongoli oa eona ke VP Vikhlyaeva. Motheo ke ho arohanngoa ha lefu la climacteric syndrome ka likhato tse fapaneng tsa boima, ho itšetlehile ka palo ea ponahalo ea maqhubu:
- Fisi e lekaneng - ha palo ea maqhubu ka letsatsi e sa felle lipapali tse 10 (e hlaha ka 47% ea bakuli).
- Tekanyo ea 2 (ho tiea ka tsela e leka-lekaneng) - palo ea liketsahalo tsa mocheso oa tšohanyetso, maqhubu a 10-20 liketsahalo ka letsatsi (35% ea basali).
- Mohato o 3, kapa ha ho thoe, lefu le matla la lik'hemik'hale - ho chesoa ha mollo ho tsejoa ka makhetlo a fetang 20 ka letsatsi. Boemo bo botle ba bophelo bo senyeha, ka linako tse ling mosali a ke ke a phela bophelo bo tloaelehileng 'me o qobelloa ho ea kalafo sepetlele.
Matšoao a mokokotlo - ho hlahlojoa
Etsa bonnete ba hore lefu la climacteric ho basali le ka feela liteko tsa ho hlahloba, matšoao le matšoao a mang ha a lekane. Ka kakaretso, ho fumanoa ha tlōlo ha ho bake mathata. E kenyeletsa:
- Ho ikarabella bakeng sa tloaelo kapa ho ba sieo ha parameter e joalo ea ho ea khoeling.
- Tlhahlobo ea mali bakeng sa li-hormone tsa thobalano.
- Ho se kenyelelitsoe ho hlasela ha mokhoa oa ho ikatisa, o ka ba le matšoao a tšoanang le a hlalositsoeng ka holimo.
- Tlhahlobo ea setsebi, oculist (tlhahlobo ea boemo ba fundus), setsebi sa thuto ea ho qetela.
Matšoao a mokokotlo - phekolo
Phekolo ea lefu la climacteric e lokela ho etsoa ka mokhoa o rarahaneng. Lenaneo la phekolo le hlahisoa ke ngaka ka bomong, ho nahanisisa ka lilemo tsa mokuli, matšoao a ho tiea, boemo ba hormonal. Maemong a mangata, phekolo e qala ka mokhatlo o hlophisitsoeng oa bophelo bo botle - ho hana mekhoa e mebe, ts'ebetso ea 'mele e eketsehileng. Koetliso ea nakoana ea nakoana ea motsoako metsotso e mehlano thuso ha e fokotsa feela ponahalo ea lefu la climacteric, empa hape e ntlafatsa ts'ebetso ea methapo ea pelo.
Matšoao a mokokotlo - litlhahiso tsa kliniki
Haeba mosali a e-na le bothata ba climacteric, lingaka li fana ka keletso ea hore na li sebetsane le eona joang ka mor'a ho ithuta ka ho feletseng ka anamnesis oa mokuli, pokello ea lintlha tsohle. Ha ho mokhoa o mong le o mong o ka rarollang mathata a teng a bophelo bo botle, ho fokotsa palo ea marang-rang. Ntho e 'ngoe le e' ngoe e ikhetha, ka hona, phekolo ea meriana e thehoa ke ngaka ka bomong, e nahanne ka liphello tsa lipatlisiso le litlhahlobo. Ka kakaretso, phekolo ea climacteric syndrome e ka kenyelletsa:
- phekolo ea phetolo ea hormone;
- phekolo ea litlama;
- tšebeliso ea litloaelo;
- ho khomarela lijo tse khethehileng.
Matšoao a mokokotlo - phekolo, lithethefatsi
Kalafo ea meriana ea menopausal ho basali e etsoa tlas'a taolo e thata ea lingaka. Motheo oa phekolo ea lithethefatsi ke lithethefatsi tsa hormone. Tekanyo, hangata ea tsamaiso le nako ea phekolo li ikemiselitse ka bomong. Har'a lithethefatsi tse fanoeng bakeng sa tlōlo e joalo, e le lefu la climacteric, ho hlokahala ho khetholla:
- Estrogens (e behiloeng haeba ho se na tlhahiso e lekaneng ea tlhahiso ka popelo ea bona): Femoston, Divina.
- Gestagens (e sebelisetsoang ho lokisa maloetse a mokhoa oa ho ikatisa o tsamaeang le ho khaotsa ho ba le mosali): Norkolut, Prozhestan, Utrozhestan.
- Meriana- hloko ea ho thibela pelehi ea moriana : Ho kena, Novinet.
Ho thibela lefu la climacteric
Mekhoa ea kajeno ea ho thibela menopausal syndrome e fana ka maikutlo a phetolelo e feletseng ea tsela ea bophelo le lijo tsa tloaelo. Bo-rasaense ba pakile hore ho ja lijo tse itseng le lijana, mosali o ka tlatsa ho hloka ha li-hormone tsa thobalano, ho fokotsa liketsahalo tse tsamaeang le climacteric syndrome. Ho qobelloa ho ja lijo tsa basali ba fetang lilemo tse 40 ho lokela ho ba teng:
- linaoa;
- garnet;
- matsatsi;
- k'hafu;
- peo ea folaxe;
- lihoete;
- cherry.
Leha ho le joalo, lijo tse nepahetseng ha li khone ho felisa tsoelo-pele ea lefu lena.
E le ho fokotsa kotsi ea climacteric syndrome, lingaka li eletsa:
- Sheba boima ba 'mele.
- Felisa khatello ea kelello le khatello ea kelellong ea maikutlo.
- Ho feta kapa ho etsahala ka nako e loketseng kalafo e khethiloeng.
- Phekola mafu a tšoaetsanoang.
- Kamehla u be le litlhahlobo tse thibelang lingaka tsa basali (bonyane makhetlo a 2 ka selemo).