Keketseho e tsitsitseng ea khatello ea mali (BP), eo ho buuoang ka eona bophelong ba letsatsi le leng le le leng e le khatello ea mokuli , e bitsoa lefu la khatello ea mali. E ka sebetsa e le letšoao la lefu la liphio, tsamaiso ea endocrine, khatello ea maikutlo. Ts'oaetso ena ea kelello ea mali e na le liphello tse 5-10% feela, ha batho ba 90 ho isa ho 95% ba nang le khatello ea mali e phahameng ba tšoeroe ke khatello ea kelello ea mali (bohlokoa bo phahameng ba khatello ea kelello). E latelang, re tla tšohla seo re lokelang ho se etsa ka khatello e matla ea mali.
Litekanyetso tse tloaelehileng tsa khatello ea mali
Ho fumana hore na khatello ea meroana e matla hakae e sebelisoa holimo le ka tlase khatello ea mali.
Systolic (moeli o ka holimo) - khatello ea methapong, e hlahang nakong ea ho qhibiliha ha pelo le ho lelekoa ha mali. Boemo bo tloaelehileng ke 110 - 139 mm Hg. Art.
Diastolic (moeli o ka tlaase) - khatello ea methapo ea mafu, e hlahang nakong ea boikhathollo ba mesifa ea pelo. Se tloaelehileng ke 80 - 89 mm Hg. Art.
Khatello ea khatello ke phapang pakeng tsa moeli o ka holimo le o tlaase (mohlala, khatello ea 122/82 ke 40 mm Hg).
Tekanyetso ea khatello ea mocheso ke 50-40 mm Hg. Art.Matšoao a khatello e phahameng ea mali
Ho hatelloa ke matla a meriana ho tsitsitse haeba litekanyetso tsa khatello ea mali li ka holimo ho 140/90 mm Hg. Art. Lipalo tsena li phahame ka mokhoa o tsitsitseng ho batho ba tšoeroeng ke lefu le nang le khatello ea kelello, leha ho le joalo, ka linako tse ling mokuli ha a ikutloe a sa phutholoha ebile o ithuta ka ho eketseha ha khatello, feela ho apara likotopo tsa tonometer.
Maemong a mangata, ka khatello e eketsehileng, botsoa-hlooho, hlooho, mokhathala. Nakoana hangata, nosebleeds le mali a phallela sefahlehong. Haeba litekanyetso tsa BP tse tlokotsing li tsitsitse, empa mokuli ha a fumane phekolo e nepahetseng, sena se kotsi haholo lithong tsa ka hare - boko, liphio, mahlo, pelo. Tabeng ena, ho phaella matšoao ana, ho na le ho nyefoloa, ho hlatsa, ho fokola ha moea, ho tšoenyeha.
Lisosa tsa ho eketsa khatello e tlase ea mali
Maemong a 20% a mafu a nang le khatello ea kelello, bakuli ba na le moeli o tlaase oa BP ka khatello e tloaelehileng ea systolic.
Se bakang khatello ea mokuli e ka ba:
- ho ba lefa;
- ho fetela ho feta;
- ho se etse mosebetsi o lekaneng;
- ho kenella haholo ka letsoai;
- ho khoneha ho hatella;
- ho tsuba, ho noa joala.
Ka linako tse ling ho phahamisa khatello ea mali ho boetse ho bakoa ke lisosa tse ling:
- mafu a liphio ( pyelonephritis , glomerulonephritis, polycystosis, amyloidosis, atherosclerosis ea lijana tsa liphio);
- mafu a endocrine (pheochromocytoma).
Tlhaloso ea khatello ea mali ea diastolic ke lefu la tšoaetso, kaha boemo bona bo tlatsetsa tabeng ea ho tšeloa ha k'holeseterole le fibrin maboteng a methapo ea mali, ho sokela bophelo bo botle.
Kalafo ea khatello e tlaase e tlaase e lokela ho qala ka ho khetholla sesosa sa 'nete sa lefu lena.
Lisosa tsa khatello e phahameng ea mali
Khatello ea mali ea systolic e nang le khatello ea mali e nang le lenane le ka tlaase ho 90 mm Hg. Art. e tloaelehileng ho ba hōlileng. Lebaka la ho kula: botenya ba marako a lijana, tse sokelang mathata a sefubelu, haeba a bitsoa joalo. Systolic Hypertension e ke ke ea phekoloa. Boemo bona bo eketsa kotsi ea lefu la pelo le stroke.
Kalafo ea khatello ea mali e phahameng
Haeba likarolo tsa khatello ea mali li sa amana le khatello ea kelello, empa ke matšoao a lefu le leng (joalokaha ho boletsoe ka holimo, ena ke 5-10% ea linyeoe), joale phekolo e lokela ho etsoa ho felisa lefu lena.
Lintlheng tsa pele tsa khatello ea kelello e hlokahalang, phekolo ea meriana e sa sebeliseng lithethefatsi e thusa, e akarelletsang:
- ho fokotseha ha tekanyo ea letsoai ea letsatsi le leng le le leng;
- thibelo ea khatello ea maikutlo;
- ho hana ho tsuba, joala;
- ts'ebetso ea 'mele (ho tsamaea, ho sesa);
- ho lahleheloa ke boima ba 'mele (ka botenya);
- lijo tse nang le thibelo ea mafura a liphoofolo.
Ha ho se na phello ea phekolo ho phekolo ea meriana e phahameng ea mali. Sebelisoa ka mokhoa oa moetlo:
- diuretics;
- ACE inhibitors;
- angiotensin receptor blockers;
- bahanyetsi ba khalsiamo;
- beta-blockers.