Haeba ho ke ke ha khoneha ho hlōla lefu lena ka thuso ea meriana e tloaelehileng, kapa tekanyo ea lefu lena e se e le kotsi, lingaka li fana ka lithibela-mafu. Morao tjena, hangata hangata ba qala ho fana ka lithibela-mafu tsa liketso tse ngata. Melemo ea bona ke efe, mokhoa oa bohato, o ithuta ka ho bala sehlooho.
Antibiotic ea liketso tse ngata tsa moloko o mocha
Likokoana-hloko li itokiselitse likokoana-hloko tsa likokoana-hloko kapa tsa semisynthetic etymology. Li etselitsoe hore li se ke tsa ama likokoana-hloko - libaktheria.
Ha u kena ka hare, lithibela-mafu li kenella ka mali pele, ebe li bokella ho e 'ngoe ea tsamaiso ea' mele kapa ea 'mele. Ka hona, haeba ho ne ho ka khoneha ho tseba moemeli oa lefu lena, lingaka li kholisehile hore li na le lithibela-mafu tsa liketso tse fokolang ho itšetlehile ka lefu lena, ho tseba hore lithibela-mafu tsena li sebakeng se nepahetseng 'me li tla qala phekolo ea eona.
Ha ho khoneha ho utloisisa mohloli oa likokoana-hloko tse bakang lefu lena, litsebi li fana ka lithibela-mafu tse pharaletseng.
Li-antibiotics li sebetsa joang?
Ho na le mekhoa e 'meli ea lithibela-mafu tse hlahisoang ke libaktheria:
1. Bactericidal - mofuta ona oa khato o lebisitsoe ho timetso e feletseng ea likokoana-hloko tse kotsi. Litokisetso tsa sehlopha sena li thibela tšebetso ea sekhechana sa sele, e bakang lefu la bona. Tsena ke, ka mohlala:
- Penicillin;
- Gentamicin;
- Cephalexin;
- Streptomycin;
- Polymyxin;
- Rifampicin le ba bang.
Ho khutla ho tsoa meriana ea lithibela-hloko e sebetsang ka liketso ho etsahala ka potlako.
2. Bacteriostatic - mofuta ona oa lithibela-mafu ha o lumelle lik'halone tsa ho ikatisa tsa tse senyang likokoana-hloko, 'me libaktheria ka boeona li bolaoa ke lisele tse sireletsang' mele - leukocyte. Tsena li kenyelletsa:
- Levomycetin;
- Tetracycline;
- Erythromycin;
- Linkomycin le ba bang.
Ho qeta nako e telele ho felisoa ha mokete o kotsing ea hore libaktheria li tla "tloaela" lithibela-mafu, khathala, 'me lefu lena le tla khutla ka nako.
Molemo oa lithibela-mafu tse ncha tsa mehleng ea kajeno
Nahana ka se molemo ho feta moloko o mocha oa lithibela-mafu:
- Ba itšoara ka mokhoa o sithabetsang ho bongata ba likokoana-hloko tse kotsi - li-baktheria tse nang le gram-positive le gram-negative.
- Li na le litla-morao tse seng kae.
- Ho amoheloa ha lithethefatsi ho bonolo haholo - lithibela-mafu tsa moloko oa pele li lokela ho nkoa ka makhetlo a 4 ka letsatsi, moloko oa boraro le oa bone - e le ka makhetlo a mabeli feela.
- Li atleha haholoanyane, pholiso e potlakile.
- Ho hloekisoa ho feta le ho se kotsi ho tšebetso ea moriana le mekhoa e meng ea 'meleng, kaha monyetla oa ho shoa ha microflora o fokolang o fokotseha.
- Ba mamelloa hamolemo ke ba kulang.
- Nako e telele e potoloha ka mali, e boloka matla a ho folisa nako e telele, kahoo nako e ngata ea ho ja e fokotseha ka makhetlo a 'maloa.
- Li na le matlapa, li-capsules kapa li-syrups, tse lokelang ho nkoa hang ka letsatsi, tse loketseng bakuli ba bangata.
Lethathamo la likokoana-mafu tsa moloko o mocha oa ketso e kholo
1. Cephalosporins 1-4 meloko e sebetsa ka matla khahlanong le staphylococci, Klebsiella, Proteus, Haemophilus le Escherichia coli, pneumonia, pyelonephritis, osteomyelitis, meningitis:
- Cefazolin;
- Cephalexin;
- Cefadroxil;
- Cefaclor;
- Cefuroxime;
- Cefotaxime;
- Ceftriaxone;
- Tsepefim le ba bang.
2. Fluoroquinolones - e sebelisetsoang ho tšoaetsoa ke mafu a tšoaetso, mafu a moriana, litlolo tse bonolo, letlalo, pheko ea masapo, manonyeletso, li-STD, meningitis, sepsis:
- Ciprofloxacin;
- Tsiprolet;
- Ofloxacin;
- Lomefloxacin;
- Norfloxacin;
- Pefloxacin;
- Levofloxacin;
- Moxifloxacin;
- Sparfloxacin le ba bang.
3. Carbapenems e sebelisoa ho phekola mafu a tšoaetsanoang a bakoang ke enterobacteria le anaerobes:
- Tienam;
- Meropenem.
4. Penicillin - e sebelisetsoang ho tšoaetsoa ke mokhoa oa ho hema, tsamaiso ea urogenital, mala le mala, letlalo, gonorrhea, syphilis:
- Amoxicillin;
- Flemoxin solute;
- Hiconcile;
- Phenoxymethylpenicillin;
- Ampicillin;
- Oxacillin;
- Ampioks ;
- Amoxicillin clavulanate (amoxiclav, augmentin, moxiclav, clavocin le tse ling).
Kamora ho hlaphoheloa ka thuso ea lithibela-mafu, ho molemo ho noa lithethefatsi ho ts'oara tšoaetso ea mafu le mmele oa intestinal - tincture ea echinacea, ea immunal kapa e meng.